netstat and keeping track of network activity

In Linux, there are a multitude of things happening in the background. It is always important to know what kind of connections are occurring to and from your computer, and especially if you’re running a public server. With netstat, you will be able to do just that.

netstat

netstat allows you to see what processes are being connected to and from your Linux machine. To be more specific, it works for any protocol. This is widely considered useful as a majority of server software being run utilizes netstat such as FTP, SSH, HTTP/HTTPS servers, and DNS.

In order to use netstat, you will first need to make sure net-tools is installed. If you are getting a command not found error, then you will need to install it by running the following command:

sudo apt-get install net-tools

Wait for installation to complete. After, type sudo netstat.

Do not feel overwhelmed or frightened by the amount of output produced by netstat. These are internal sockets running from within and are not servers listening for incoming connection. If you are able to scroll to the top, you may see another list displaying any Active Internet connections. You may not see anything at this point unless you’re running a server with active users.

In order to display software that is listening for incoming connections, run this command:

sudo netstat -l

Under Active Internet connections, you will now see any local connections and if they are listening for incoming requests. This alone will not tell you if there are any connections to the server and where they originated from. You will need to do this:

sudo netstat -a

This will display everything, including LISTEN and ESTABLISHED entries. You will also be able to see the foreign IP address of the user(s) connecting to your Linux machine. This will give you a good idea of who’s connected and where from.

Happy Networking!

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